codeine

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Literature

The publications shown below are associated with this chemical in PharmGKB based on (1) literature annotations, (2) variant annotations, (3) VIP summaries, or (4) pathways.

    155 items
    Literature
    23andYOU: How Pharmacogenomics Is Important to You and Your Patients.
    The journal of pediatric pharmacology and therapeutics : JPPT : the official journal of PPAG. 2025. Carleton Bruce C.
    PGx Paper Type: Commentary
    Pediatric
    Literature
    A Randomized Hybrid-Effectiveness Trial Comparing Pharmacogenomics (PGx) to Standard Care: The PGx Applied to Chronic Pain Treatment in Primary Care (PGx-ACT) Trial.
    Clinical and translational science. 2025. Smith D Max, Beyene Rut, Kolm Paul, Young Theresa A, Zifa Sara, Natividad Victoria, Licata Andrea, Podolsky Robert H, Moore Troy, Walsh Richard, Deva Shikha, Walker Alexander D, Jacobs Michael B, Peshkin Beth N and Swain Sandra M.
    PGx Paper Type: Implementation, Methods
    Literature
    Pharmacogenetics: Opportunities for the All of Us Research Program and Other Large Data Sets to Advance the Field.
    Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology. 2025. Empey Philip E, Karnes Jason H and Johnson Julie A.
    PGx Paper Type: Implementation, Review
    Literature
    Pharmacogenotyping disproves genetic cause of drug-related problems in family history: a case report.
    BMC anesthesiology. 2024. Bollinger Anna, Hersberger Kurt E, Meyer Zu Schwabedissen Henriette E, Allemann Samuel S and Stäuble Céline K.
    PGx Paper Type: Implementation
    Pediatric
    Literature
    Population Pharmacokinetic Quantification of CYP2D6 Activity in Codeine Metabolism in Ambulatory Surgical Patients for Model-Informed Precision Dosing.
    Clinical pharmacokinetics. 2024. Ashraf Muhammad Waqar, Poikola Satu, Neuvonen Mikko, Kiiski Johanna I, Kontinen Vesa K, Olkkola Klaus T, Backman Janne T, Niemi Mikko and Saari Teijo I.
    PGx Paper Type: Methods
    Literature
    Providers' use of pharmacogenetic testing to inform opioid prescribing among veterans.
    Pharmacogenomics. 2024. Lipsky Rachele K, Chanfreau-Coffinier Catherine, Voora Deepak, Trafton Jodie, Williams Charlotte, Martins Susana B, Muralidhar Sumitra and Oslin David W.
    PGx Paper Type: Implementation
    Literature
    Use of CYP2D6 Inhibitors with CYP2D6 Opioids: Association with Emergency Department Visits for Pain.
    Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 2024. Nahid Noor Ahmed, McDonough Caitrin W, Wei Yu-Jung Jenny, Cicali Emily J, Gong Yan, Fillingim Roger B and Johnson Julie A.
    PGx Paper Type: Phenoconversion
    Literature
    Association of Pharmacogenomic Phenotypes in CYP2D6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP3A5 on Polypharmacy in Veterans.
    Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 2024. Krulikas Linas, Bates Jill, Chanfreau Catherine, Coleman Heather, Dalton Shawn and Voora Deepak.
    Literature
    Case report of a slow-metabolism of CYP2D6 which led to a misuse of codeine: How can we detect it and how can we take care?
    Therapie. 2024. Montmeat Deborah, Declèves Xavier, Labat Laurence, Puszkiel Alicja, Perrot Serge and Trouvin Anne-Priscille.
    Literature
    Opportunities for Pharmacogenetic Testing to Guide Dosing of Medications in Youths With Medicaid.
    JAMA network open. 2024. Tang Girdwood Sonya, Hall Matthew, Antoon James W, Kyler Kathryn E, Williams Derek J, Shah Samir S, Orth Lucas E, Goldman Jennifer, Feinstein James A and Ramsey Laura B.
    PGx Paper Type: Implementation
    Pediatric
    Literature
    Catalyzing Pharmacogenomic Analysis for Informing Pain Treatment (C-PAIN): A Randomized Trial of Preemptive CYP2D6 Genotyping in Cancer Palliative Care.
    Journal of pain research. 2024. Cho Youngwoo, Karrison Theodore, Jack Matthew M, Choksi Anish R, Knoebel Randall W, Yeo Kiang-Teck J, Volchenboum Samuel L, Szmulewitz Russell Z, Vokes Everett E, Ratain Mark J and O'Donnell Peter H.
    PGx Paper Type: Implementation, Methods
    Literature
    Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling to predict the pharmacokinetics of codeine in different CYP2D6 phenotypes.
    Frontiers in pharmacology. 2024. Yang Yujie, Zhang Xiqian, Wang Yirong, Xi Heng, Xu Min and Zheng Liang.
    PGx Paper Type: Methods
    Literature
    CYP2D6-guided opioid therapy for adults with cancer pain: A randomized implementation clinical trial.
    Pharmacotherapy. 2023. Mosley Scott A, Cicali Emily, Del Cueto Alex, Portman Diane G, Donovan Kristine A, Gong Yan, Langaee Taimour, Gopalan Priya, Schmit Jessica, Starr Jason S, Silver Natalie, Chang Young D, Rajasekhara Sahana, Smith Joshua E, Soares Heloisa P, Clare-Salzler Michael, Starostik Petr, George Thomas J, McLeod Howard L, Fillingim Roger B, Hicks J Kevin and Cavallari Larisa H.
    PGx Paper Type: Implementation
    Literature
    A software tool to adjust codeine dose based on CYP2D6 gene-pair polymorphisms and drug-drug interactions.
    The pharmacogenomics journal. 2023. Saab Yolande and Nakad Zahi.
    PGx Paper Type: Implementation, Review, Methods
    Literature
    Maximizing patient safety when prescribing opioids for pain management.
    JAAPA : official journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants. 2023. Judy Megan, Sams David and Poulton Stephon.
    PGx Paper Type: Implementation, Review
    Literature
    Pharmacogenetic Guided Opioid Therapy Improves Chronic Pain Outcomes and Comorbid Mental Health: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Study.
    International journal of molecular sciences. 2023. Agulló Laura, Aguado Isidro, Muriel Javier, Margarit César, Gómez Alba, Escorial Mónica, Sánchez Astrid, Fernández Alicia and Peiró Ana M.
    PGx Paper Type: Implementation
    Literature
    Prescription medications with actionable pharmacogenomic recommendations in Veterans Health Administration patients.
    Pharmacogenomics. 2023. Maghari Saba, Gallo Tyler, Rivas Salvador, German Alexander, Nguyen Le Minh Q, Abbaszadegan Hamed, Zubriski Mark A, Heise Craig W and Landas Noel D.
    PGx Paper Type: Implementation
    Literature
    A 12-gene pharmacogenetic panel to prevent adverse drug reactions: an open-label, multicentre, controlled, cluster-randomised crossover implementation study.
    Lancet (London, England). 2023. Swen Jesse J, van der Wouden Cathelijne H, Manson Lisanne En, Abdullah-Koolmees Heshu, Blagec Kathrin, Blagus Tanja, Böhringer Stefan, Cambon-Thomsen Anne, Cecchin Erika, Cheung Ka-Chun, Deneer Vera Hm, Dupui Mathilde, Ingelman-Sundberg Magnus, Jonsson Siv, Joefield-Roka Candace, Just Katja S, Karlsson Mats O, Konta Lidija, Koopmann Rudolf, Kriek Marjolein, Lehr Thorsten, Mitropoulou Christina, Rial-Sebbag Emmanuelle, Rollinson Victoria, Roncato Rossana, Samwald Matthias, Schaeffeler Elke, Skokou Maria, Schwab Matthias, Steinberger Daniela, Stingl Julia C, Tremmel Roman, Turner Richard M, van Rhenen Mandy H, Dávila Fajardo Cristina L, Dolžan Vita, Patrinos George P, Pirmohamed Munir, Sunder-Plassmann Gere, Toffoli Giuseppe, Guchelaar Henk-Jan and Ubiquitous Pharmacogenomics Consortium.
    PGx Paper Type: Implementation, Uses PharmGKB
    Literature
    Identifying the prevalence of clinically actionable drug-gene interactions in a health system biorepository to guide pharmacogenetics implementation services.
    Clinical and translational science. 2023. Pasternak Amy L, Ward Kristen, Irwin Madison, Okerberg Carl, Hayes David, Fritsche Lars, Zoellner Sebastian, Virzi Jessica, Choe Hae Mi and Ellingrod Vicki.
    PGx Paper Type: Implementation
    Literature
    Opportunity for pharmacogenetics testing in patients with sickle cell anemia.
    Pharmacogenomics. 2022. Gallaway Katherine A, Sakon Colleen, Ongeri Jefney, Patel Krina S, Oliver Johnathan, Patacca Heather, O'Brien Andrew Rw, Skaar Todd C and Tillman Emma M.
    PGx Paper Type: Implementation
    Literature
    Dutch Pharmacogenetics Working Group (DPWG) guideline for the gene-drug interaction between CYP2D6 and opioids (codeine, tramadol and oxycodone).
    European journal of human genetics : EJHG. 2022. Matic Maja, Nijenhuis Marga, Soree Bianca, de Boer-Veger Nienke J, Buunk Anne-Marie, Houwink Elisa J F, Mulder Hans, Rongen Gerard A P J M, Weide Jan van der, Wilffert Bob, Swen Jesse J, Guchelaar Henk-Jan, Deneer Vera H M and van Schaik Ron H N.
    PGx Paper Type: Implementation
    Pediatric
    Literature
    The Role of Pharmacogenomics in Opioid Prescribing.
    Current treatment options in oncology. 2022. Wong Aaron K, Somogyi Andrew A, Rubio Justin and Philip Jennifer.
    PGx Paper Type: Implementation, Review
    Literature
    Detection of relevant pharmacogenetic information through exome sequencing in oncology.
    Pharmacogenomics. 2022. Verdez Simon, Albuisson Juliette, Duffourd Yannis, Boidot Romain, Reda Manon, Thauvin-Robinet Christel, Fumet Jean-David, Ladoire Sylvain, Nambot Sophie, Callier Patrick, Faivre Laurence, Ghiringhelli François and Picard Nicolas.
    PGx Paper Type: Implementation
    Literature
    Identification of sex-specific genetic associations in response to opioid analgesics in a White, non-Hispanic cohort from Southeast Minnesota.
    The pharmacogenomics journal. 2022. Lopes Guilherme S, Lopes Jaime L, Bielinski Suzette J, Armasu Sebastian M, Zhu Ye, Cavanaugh Dana C, Moyer Ann M, Jacobson Debra J, Wang Liwei, Jiang Ruoxiang, St Sauver Jennifer L and Larson Nicholas B.
    Literature
    Pharmacogenomics in Children.
    Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.). 2022. Rieder Michael J and Elzagallaai Abdelbaset A.
    PGx Paper Type: Review
    Pediatric
    Literature
    Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium Guideline for CYP2D6, OPRM1, and COMT Genotypes and Select Opioid Therapy.
    Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 2021. Crews Kristine R, Monte Andrew A, Huddart Rachel, Caudle Kelly E, Kharasch Evan D, Gaedigk Andrea, Dunnenberger Henry M, Leeder J Steven, Callaghan John T, Samer Caroline Flora, Klein Teri E, Haidar Cyrine E, Van Driest Sara L, Ruano Gualberto, Sangkuhl Katrin, Cavallari Larisa H, Müller Daniel J, Prows Cynthia A, Nagy Mohamed, Somogyi Andrew A and Skaar Todd C.
    PGx Paper Type: Implementation
    Literature
    CYP2D6 genotype and reduced codeine analgesic effect in real-world clinical practice.
    The pharmacogenomics journal. 2021. Carranza-Leon Daniel, Dickson Alyson L, Gaedigk Andrea, Stein C Michael and Chung Cecilia P.
    Literature
    A hybrid implementation-effectiveness randomized trial of CYP2D6-guided postoperative pain management.
    Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics. 2021. Thomas Cameron D, Parvataneni Hari K, Gray Chancellor F, Deen Justin T, Prieto Hernan A, Pulido Luis F, Elsey Amanda R, Elwood Erica N, Starostik Petr, Gong Yan, Fillingim Roger B, Johnson Julie A and Cavallari Larisa H.
    PGx Paper Type: Implementation
    Literature
    Assessment of primary care practitioners' attitudes and interest in pharmacogenomic testing.
    Pharmacogenomics. 2020. Smith D Max, Namvar Tarlan, Brown Ryan P, Springfield T Blaise, Peshkin Beth N, Walsh Richard J, Welsh James C, Levin Bonnie, Brandt Nicole and Swain Sandra M.
    Literature
    CYP2D6-guided opioid therapy improves pain control in CYP2D6 intermediate and poor metabolizers: a pragmatic clinical trial.
    Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics. 2019. Smith D Max, Weitzel Kristin W, Elsey Amanda R, Langaee Taimour, Gong Yan, Wake Dyson T, Duong Benjamin Q, Hagen Melanie, Harle Christopher A, Mercado Elvira, Nagoshi Ying, Newsom Kimberly, Wright Ashleigh, Rosenberg Eric I, Starostik Petr, Clare-Salzler Michael J, Schmidt Siegfried O, Fillingim Roger B, Johnson Julie A and Cavallari Larisa H.
    PGx Paper Type: Implementation
    Literature
    Drug-gene and drug-drug interactions associated with tramadol and codeine therapy in the INGENIOUS trial.
    Pharmacogenomics. 2019. Fulton Cathy R, Zang Yong, Desta Zeruesenay, Rosenman Marc B, Holmes Ann M, Decker Brian S, Zhang Yifei, T Callaghan John, Pratt Victoria M, Levy Kenneth D, Gufford Brandon T, Dexter Paul R, Skaar Todd C and Eadon Michael T.
    Literature
    Implementing a personalized medicine program in a community health system.
    Pharmacogenomics. 2018. Dressler Lynn G, Bell Gillian C, Ruch Karl D, Retamal Jennifer D, Krug Paige B and Paulus Ronald A.
    Literature
    Codeine-induced acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis without IL36RN mutations.
    Pharmacogenomics. 2018. Chadli Zohra, Ladhari Chayma, Kerkeni Emna, Djobbi Amira, Fredj Nadia B, Chaabane Amel, Boughattas Naceur A and Aouam Karim.
    Literature
    Projected impact of a multigene pharmacogenetic test to optimize medication prescribing in cardiovascular patients.
    Pharmacogenomics. 2018. Dong Olivia M, Li Amy, Suzuki Oscar, Oni-Orisan Akinyemi, Gonzalez Ricardo, Stouffer George A, Lee Craig R and Wiltshire Tim.
    Literature
    The toxicity of paracetamol-codeine combination in overdose is an unresolved issue.
    British journal of clinical pharmacology. 2018. Floyd Christopher N and Dargan Paul I.
    Literature
    Biomarkers of adverse drug reactions.
    Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.). 2018. Carr Daniel F and Pirmohamed Munir.
    Literature
    The pharmacogenetics of medications used in general anesthesia.
    Pharmacogenomics. 2018. Xie Shangchen, Ma Wenjuan, Guo Qulian, Liu Jie, Li Wei, McLeod Howard L and He Yijing.
    Literature
    CYP2D6 drug-gene and drug-drug-gene interactions among patients prescribed pharmacogenetically actionable opioids.
    Applied nursing research : ANR. 2017. Knisely Mitchell R, Carpenter Janet S, Draucker Claire Burke, Skaar Todd, Broome Marion E, Holmes Ann M and Von Ah Diane.
    Literature
    Pharmacogenomics and Patient Treatment Parameters to Opioid Treatment in Chronic Pain: A Focus on Morphine, Oxycodone, Tramadol, and Fentanyl.
    Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.). 2017. Lloyd Renae A, Hotham Elizabeth, Hall Catherine, Williams Marie and Suppiah Vijayaprakash.
    Literature
    OCT1 pharmacogenetics in pain management: is a clinical application within reach?
    Pharmacogenomics. 2017. Tzvetkov Mladen V.
    Literature
    Review of Opioid Pharmacogenetics and Considerations for Pain Management.
    Pharmacotherapy. 2017. Owusu Obeng Aniwaa, Hamadeh Issam and Smith Michael.
    Literature
    The Pharmacogenomics Research Network Translational Pharmacogenetics Program: Outcomes and Metrics of Pharmacogenetic Implementations Across Diverse Healthcare Systems.
    Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 2017. Luzum J A, Pakyz R E, Elsey A R, Haidar C E, Peterson J F, Whirl-Carrillo M, Handelman S K, Palmer K, Pulley J M, Beller M, Schildcrout J S, Field J R, Weitzel K W, Cooper-DeHoff R M, Cavallari L H, O'Donnell P H, Altman R B, Pereira N, Ratain M J, Roden D M, Embi P J, Sadee W, Klein T E, Johnson J A, Relling M V, Wang L, Weinshilboum R M, Shuldiner A R, Freimuth R R and Pharmacogenomics Research Network Translational Pharmacogenetics Program.
    Literature
    Prior opioid exposure influences parents' sharing of their children's CYP2D6 research results.
    Pharmacogenomics. 2017. Myers Melanie F, Zhang Xue, McLaughlin Brooke, Kissell Diane, Perry Cassandra L, Veerkamp Matthew, Zhang Kejian, Holm Ingrid A and Prows Cynthia A.
    Pediatric
    Literature
    Codeine and opioid metabolism: implications and alternatives for pediatric pain management.
    Current opinion in anaesthesiology. 2017. Chidambaran Vidya, Sadhasivam Senthilkumar and Mahmoud Mohamed.
    Pediatric
    Literature
    Pharmacogenetics of drug-drug interaction and drug-drug-gene interaction: a systematic review on CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and CYP2D6.
    Pharmacogenomics. 2017. Bahar Muh Akbar, Setiawan Didik, Hak Eelko and Wilffert Bob.
    Literature
    Increased risk of hospitalization for ultrarapid metabolizers of cytochrome P450 2D6.
    Pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine. 2017. Takahashi Paul Y, Ryu Euijung, Pathak Jyotishman, Jenkins Gregory D, Batzler Anthony, Hathcock Matthew A, Black John Logan, Olson Janet E, Cerhan James R and Bielinski Suzette J.
    Literature
    The role of cytochrome P450 pharmacogenomics in chronic non-cancer pain patients.
    Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology. 2016. Tverdohleb Tatiana, Dinc Bora, Knezevic Ivana, Candido Kenneth D and Knezevic Nebojsa Nick.
    Literature
    Degradation of Opioids and Opiates During Acid Hydrolysis Leads to Reduced Recovery Compared to Enzymatic Hydrolysis.
    Journal of analytical toxicology. 2016. Sitasuwan Pongkwan, Melendez Cathleen, Marinova Margarita, Mastrianni Kaylee R, Darragh Alicia, Ryan Emily and Lee L Andrew.
    Literature
    Pharmacogenetics for Safe Codeine Use in Sickle Cell Disease.
    Pediatrics. 2016. Gammal Roseann S, Crews Kristine R, Haidar Cyrine E, Hoffman James M, Baker Donald K, Barker Patricia J, Estepp Jeremie H, Pei Deqing, Broeckel Ulrich, Wang Winfred, Weiss Mitchell J, Relling Mary V and Hankins Jane.
    PGx Paper Type: Implementation
    Pediatric
    Literature
    Codeine in paediatrics: pharmacology, prescribing and controversies.
    Archives of disease in childhood. Education and practice edition. 2016. Andrzejowski Paul and Carroll Will.
    Pediatric
    Literature
    Post-mortem levels and tissue distribution of codeine, codeine-6-glucuronide, norcodeine, morphine and morphine glucuronides in a series of codeine-related deaths.
    Forensic science international. 2016. Frost Joachim, Løkken Trine Nordgård, Helland Arne, Nordrum Ivar Skjåk and Slørdal Lars.
    Literature
    The Outlier in All of Us: Why Implementing Pharmacogenomics Could Matter for Everyone.
    Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 2016. O'Donnell P H, Danahey K and Ratain M J.
    Literature
    Interindividual Variability in Cytochrome P450-Mediated Drug Metabolism.
    Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals. 2016. Tracy Timothy S, Chaudhry Amarjit S, Prasad Bhagwat, Thummel Kenneth E, Schuetz Erin G, Zhong Xiao-Bo, Tien Yun-Chen, Jeong Hyunyoung, Pan Xian, Shireman Laura M, Tay-Sontheimer Jessica and Lin Yvonne S.
    Literature
    Integrated patient and tumor genetic testing for individualized cancer therapy.
    Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 2016. Hertz D L and McLeod H L.
    Literature
    Cytochrome P-450 gene and drug interaction analysis in patients referred for pharmacogenetic testing.
    American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. 2016. Hocum Brian Thomas, White John Raymond, Heck Jarrod W, Thirumaran Ranjit K, Moyer Nicolas, Newman Richard and Ashcraft Kristine.
    Pediatric
    Literature
    Pharmacogenomically actionable medications in a safety net health care system.
    SAGE open medicine. 2016. Carpenter Janet S, Rosenman Marc B, Knisely Mitchell R, Decker Brian S, Levy Kenneth D and Flockhart David A.
    Literature
    Metabolism and Disposition of Prescription Opioids: A Review.
    Forensic science review. 2015. DePriest A Z, Puet B L, Holt A C, Roberts A and Cone E J.
    Literature
    Nicotine Increases Codeine Analgesia Through the Induction of Brain CYP2D and Central Activation of Codeine to Morphine.
    Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology. 2015. McMillan Douglas M and Tyndale Rachel F.
    Literature
    CYP2D6 phenotype-specific codeine population pharmacokinetics.
    Journal of pain & palliative care pharmacotherapy. 2015. Linares Oscar A, Fudin Jeffrey, Schiesser William E, Daly Linares Annemarie L and Boston Raymond C.
    Literature
    Pharmacogenetics of opioid response.
    Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 2015. Somogyi A A, Coller J K and Barratt D T.
    Literature
    Oxycodone overdose in the pediatric population: case files of the University of Massachusetts Medical Toxicology Fellowship.
    Journal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology. 2014. Boyle Katherine L and Rosenbaum Christopher D.
    Pediatric
    Literature
    Codeine-related deaths: The role of pharmacogenetics and drug interactions.
    Forensic science international. 2014. Lam Jessica, Woodall Karen L, Solbeck Patricia, Ross Colin J D, Carleton Bruce C, Hayden Michael R, Koren Gideon and Madadi Parvaz.
    Literature
    Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium guidelines for cytochrome P450 2D6 genotype and codeine therapy: 2014 update.
    Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 2014. Crews K R, Gaedigk A, Dunnenberger H M, Leeder J S, Klein T E, Caudle K E, Haidar C E, Shen D D, Callaghan J T, Sadhasivam S, Prows C A, Kharasch E D, Skaar T C and Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium.
    PGx Paper Type: Implementation
    Literature
    CYP2D6 and pharmacogenomics: where does future research need to focus? Part 1: technical aspects.
    Pharmacogenomics. 2014. Gaedigk Andrea and Leeder J Steven.
    Literature
    Incorporation of pharmacogenomics into routine clinical practice: the Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) guideline development process.
    Current drug metabolism. 2014. Caudle Kelly E, Klein Teri E, Hoffman James M, Muller Daniel J, Whirl-Carrillo Michelle, Gong Li, McDonagh Ellen M, Sangkuhl Katrin, Thorn Caroline F, Schwab Matthias, Agundez Jose A G, Freimuth Robert R, Huser Vojtech, Lee Ming Ta Michael, Iwuchukwu Otito F, Crews Kristine R, Scott Stuart A, Wadelius Mia, Swen Jesse J, Tyndale Rachel F, Stein C Michael, Roden Dan, Relling Mary V, Williams Marc S and Johnson Samuel G.
    Literature
    The impact of CYP2D6 polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetics of codeine and its metabolites in Mongolian Chinese subjects.
    European journal of clinical pharmacology. 2014. Wu Xiujun, Yuan Li, Zuo Jinliang, Lv Jing and Guo Tao.
    Literature
    Morphine is a substrate of the organic cation transporter OCT1 and polymorphisms in OCT1 gene affect morphine pharmacokinetics after codeine administration.
    Biochemical pharmacology. 2013. Tzvetkov Mladen V, dos Santos Pereira Joao N, Meineke Ingolf, Saadatmand Ali R, Stingl Julia C and Brockmöller Jürgen.
    Literature
    First demonstration that brain CYP2D-mediated opiate metabolic activation alters analgesia in vivo.
    Biochemical pharmacology. 2013. Zhou Kaidi, Khokhar Jibran Y, Zhao Bin and Tyndale Rachel F.
    Literature
    New evidence about an old drug--risk with codeine after adenotonsillectomy.
    The New England journal of medicine. 2013. Racoosin Judith A, Roberson David W, Pacanowski Michael A and Nielsen David R.
    Pediatric
    Literature
    Challenges in pharmacogenetics.
    European journal of clinical pharmacology. 2013. Cascorbi Ingolf, Bruhn Oliver and Werk Anneke N.
    Literature
    Cytochrome P450-mediated drug metabolism in the brain.
    Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN. 2013. Miksys Sharon and Tyndale Rachel F.
    Literature
    Clinical practice guideline: CYP2D6 genotyping for safe and efficacious codeine therapy.
    Journal of population therapeutics and clinical pharmacology = Journal de la therapeutique des populations et de la pharmacologie clinique. 2013. Madadi Parvaz, Amstutz Ursula, Rieder Michael, Ito Shinya, Fung Vincent, Hwang Soomi, Turgeon Jacques, Michaud Veronique, Koren Gideon, Carleton Bruce C and CPNDS Clinical Recommendations Group.
    Literature
    Codeine-associated pediatric deaths despite using recommended dosing guidelines: three case reports.
    Journal of opioid management. 2013. Friedrichsdorf Stefan J, Nugent Andrea Postier and Strobl A Quinn.
    Pediatric
    Literature
    Apnea and oxygen desaturations in children treated with opioids after adenotonsillectomy for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: a prospective pilot study.
    Paediatric drugs. 2012. Khetani Justin D, Madadi Parvaz, Sommer Doron D, Reddy Desigen, Sistonen Johanna, Ross Colin J D, Carleton Bruce C, Hayden Michael R and Koren Gideon.
    Pediatric
    Literature
    A clinician-driven automated system for integration of pharmacogenetic interpretations into an electronic medical record.
    Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 2012. Hicks J K, Crews K R, Hoffman J M, Kornegay N M, Wilkinson M R, Lorier R, Stoddard A, Yang W, Smith C, Fernandez C A, Cross S J, Haidar C, Baker D K, Howard S C, Evans W E, Broeckel U and Relling M V.
    Literature
    More codeine fatalities after tonsillectomy in North American children.
    Pediatrics. 2012. Kelly Lauren E, Rieder Michael, van den Anker John, Malkin Becky, Ross Colin, Neely Michael N, Carleton Bruce, Hayden Michael R, Madadi Parvaz and Koren Gideon.
    Literature
    Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) guidelines for codeine therapy in the context of cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) genotype.
    Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 2012. Crews K R, Gaedigk A, Dunnenberger H M, Klein T E, Shen D D, Callaghan J T, Kharasch E D, Skaar T C and Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium.
    PGx Paper Type: Implementation
    Literature
    CYP2D6 polymorphisms and codeine analgesia in postpartum pain management: a pilot study.
    Therapeutic drug monitoring. 2011. VanderVaart Sondra, Berger Howard, Sistonen Johanna, Madadi Parvaz, Matok Ilan, Gijsen Violette M G J, de Wildt Saskia N, Taddio Anna, Ross Colin J D, Carleton Bruce C, Hayden Michael R and Koren Gideon.
    Literature
    Pharmacogenetic testing: time for clinical practice guidelines.
    Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 2011. Amstutz U and Carleton B C.
    Literature
    Copy number variants in pharmacogenetic genes.
    Trends in molecular medicine. 2011. He Yijing, Hoskins Janelle M and McLeod Howard L.
    Literature
    Pharmacogenetics: from bench to byte--an update of guidelines.
    Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 2011. Swen J J, Nijenhuis M, de Boer A, Grandia L, Maitland-van der Zee A H, Mulder H, Rongen G A P J M, van Schaik R H N, Schalekamp T, Touw D J, van der Weide J, Wilffert B, Deneer V H M and Guchelaar H-J.
    Literature
    Uniform assessment and ranking of opioid μ receptor binding constants for selected opioid drugs.
    Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP. 2011. Volpe Donna A, McMahon Tobin Grainne A, Mellon R Daniel, Katki Aspandiar G, Parker Robert J, Colatsky Thomas, Kropp Timothy J and Verbois S Leigh.
    Literature
    Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion pharmacogenomics of drugs of abuse.
    Pharmacogenomics. 2011. Meyer Markus R and Maurer Hans H.
    Literature
    The communication of pharmacogenetic research results: participants weigh in on their informational needs in a pilot study.
    Journal of population therapeutics and clinical pharmacology = Journal de la therapeutique des populations et de la pharmacologie clinique. 2011. Madadi Parvaz, Joly Yann, Avard Denise, Chitayat David C, Smith M Anne, D Ross Colin J, Carleton Bruce C, Hayden Michael R and Koren Gideon.
    Literature
    Systematic review of pharmacoeconomic studies of pharmacogenomic tests.
    Pharmacogenomics. 2010. Beaulieu Mathieu, de Denus Simon and Lachaine Jean.
    Literature
    Maternal-fetal and neonatal pharmacogenomics: a review of current literature.
    Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association. 2010. Blumenfeld Y J, Reynolds-May M F, Altman R B and El-Sayed Y Y.
    Pediatric
    Literature
    Clinical implementation of pharmacogenomics: overcoming genetic exceptionalism.
    The Lancet. Oncology. 2010. Relling Mary V, Altman Russ B, Goetz Matthew P and Evans William E.
    Literature
    Personalized therapy in pain management: where do we stand?
    Pharmacogenomics. 2010. Stamer Ulrike M, Zhang Lan and Stüber Frank.
    Literature
    Nationwide drug-dispensing data reveal important differences in adherence to drug label recommendations on CYP2D6-dependent drug interactions.
    British journal of clinical pharmacology. 2010. Mannheimer Buster, Wettermark Björn, Lundberg Michael, Pettersson Hans, von Bahr Christer and Eliasson Erik.
    Pediatric
    Literature
    Influence of the CYP2D6 polymorphism and hemodialysis on codeine disposition in patients with end-stage renal disease.
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